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Frequency Limits on Naked-Eye Optical Transients Lasting from Minutes to Years

机译:裸眼光学瞬态的频率限制从几分钟到几分钟   年份

摘要

How often do bright optical transients occur on the sky but go unreported? Toconstrain the bright end of the astronomical transient function, a systematicsearch for transients that become bright enough to be noticed by the unaidedeye was conducted using the all-sky monitors of the Night Sky Live network. Twofisheye continuous cameras (CONCAMs) operating over three years created a database that was searched for transients that appeared in time-contiguous CCDframes. Although a single candidate transient was found (Nemiroff and Shamir2006), the lack of more transients is used here to deduce upper limits to thegeneral frequency of bright transients. To be detected, a transient must haveincreased by over three visual magnitudes to become brighter than visualmagnitude 5.5 on the time scale of minutes to years. It is concluded that, onthe average, fewer than 0.0040 ($t_{dur} / 60$ seconds) transients withduration $t_{dur}$ between minutes and hours, occur anywhere on the sky at anyone time. For transients on the order of months to years, fewer than 160($t_{dur} / 1$ year) occur, while for transients on the order of years tomillennia, fewer than 50 ($t_{dur}/1$ year)$^2$ occur.
机译:明亮的光学瞬变多长时间出现在天空上但未报告?为了限制天文瞬变函数的亮端,使用夜空实时网络的全天空监视器对变亮到足以被肉眼识别的瞬变进行了系统的搜索。运行了三年的Twofisheye连续摄像机(CONCAM)创建了一个数据库,该数据库可搜索时间连续CCD帧中出现的瞬变。尽管发现了单个候选瞬变(Nemiroff和Shamir2006),但是这里缺少更多的瞬变来推断明亮瞬变的一般频率的上限。要被检测到,在几分钟到几年的时间范围内,瞬态必须增加三个以上的视觉幅度才能变得比视觉幅度5.5明亮。结论是,平均而言,分钟和小时之间的持续时间为$ t_ {dur} $的瞬变少于0.0040($ t_ {dur} / 60 $秒),在任何时间出现在天空的任何地方。对于几个月到几年量级的瞬态,少于160($ t_ {dur} / 1 $年)发生,而对于几千年至几年级的瞬态,少于50($ t_ {dur} / 1 $年) $ ^ 2 $发生。

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